Grey squirrels are a destructive pest in UK loft spaces and gardens, gnawing through cables, timber, and insulation, and are legally classified as an invasive non-native species.
Typical Cost
£100–£250
DIY Possible?
For mild cases
Season
Seasonal
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The grey squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) was introduced to the UK from North America in the 19th century and has since displaced the native red squirrel across most of England, Wales, and southern Scotland. Grey squirrels commonly enter loft spaces and roof voids where they cause significant damage by gnawing on electrical cables, roof timbers, water pipes, and insulation. Under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 and the Invasive Alien Species (Enforcement and Permitting) Order 2019, it is illegal to release a trapped grey squirrel back into the wild — they must be humanely dispatched.
Identifying and blocking all entry points using galvanised wire mesh (16-gauge or heavier), metal plates, or concrete. Ensure no squirrels are trapped inside before sealing. Common entry points include gaps in fascia boards, damaged soffits, and where roof tiles meet walls. This is the most critical step in squirrel control.
Fitting a one-way excluder valve or door over the main squirrel entry point, allowing squirrels to leave but preventing re-entry. Once all squirrels have exited (confirm by monitoring for activity over several days), permanently seal the hole. This method avoids the legal complexities of trapping.
Cutting back tree branches that overhang or touch the roof, denying squirrels their primary access route to the building. Squirrels can leap up to 2.5 metres horizontally, so ensure a clear gap. This is a preventative measure rather than a standalone solution if squirrels are already inside.
Using approved live-capture cage traps placed in the loft space or on known squirrel routes, baited with peanuts, hazelnuts, or maize. Important legal note: under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, trapped grey squirrels must NOT be released — they must be humanely dispatched. If you are not prepared to do this, you must engage a professional.
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Professional squirrel control typically involves a survey to identify entry points, trapping or exclusion work, humane dispatch of any trapped grey squirrels, and proofing of the property to prevent re-entry. The cost varies depending on the number of entry points, the difficulty of access, and the extent of proofing work required. Additional costs may apply for repairing damage to wiring, insulation, or plumbing caused by squirrel activity.
Grey squirrels are active throughout the year and do not hibernate, though they are less visible during periods of very cold or wet weather. They typically breed twice a year, with litters born in February–March and June–July. The period before breeding (December–January and May–June) is when squirrels are most likely to seek out loft spaces as nesting sites. Autumn sees increased activity as squirrels gather and cache food for winter. Roof entry and loft nesting can occur at any time but is most common from late autumn through to spring.
No. Under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 and the Invasive Alien Species (Enforcement and Permitting) Order 2019, it is illegal to release a trapped grey squirrel back into the wild. Once caught, grey squirrels must be humanely dispatched. This is because grey squirrels are an invasive non-native species that threatens the native red squirrel population.
Yes, red squirrels are fully protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. It is illegal to intentionally kill, injure, or take a red squirrel, or to damage or destroy a red squirrel drey. If you have red squirrels in your loft (which is very rare), contact your local wildlife trust or Natural England for advice.
Yes, this is one of the most serious risks of a squirrel infestation. Squirrels gnaw on electrical cables in loft spaces, stripping the insulation and exposing bare wires. This creates a genuine fire hazard. If you suspect squirrels have damaged wiring, have it inspected by a qualified electrician as a matter of urgency.
Grey squirrels typically access lofts by climbing trees, walls, or drainpipes and entering through gaps in fascia boards, damaged soffits, loose or missing roof tiles, or ventilation openings. They only need a gap of about 5cm (2 inches) to squeeze through, and they can enlarge smaller gaps by gnawing.
It is unlikely. Once squirrels have established a nesting site in a warm, sheltered loft space with access to food in the surrounding area, they will not voluntarily leave. Without intervention, they will continue to cause damage and may breed, making the problem worse. Active exclusion or trapping is necessary to resolve the issue.
Squirrels are primarily active during the day (especially early morning and late afternoon), whereas rats are nocturnal. Squirrel noises tend to be louder and more characterised by running and jumping, while rat noises are lighter scratching and scurrying. Squirrel droppings are rounded, whereas rat droppings are more elongated and spindle-shaped.
Mice are one of the most common household pests in the UK, capable of breeding rapidly and causing significant damage to property and health risks to occupants.
Rats are a serious pest in the UK, posing significant health risks and capable of causing extensive structural damage to homes and businesses.
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